Between two worlds: the window and the relationship of inside to outside

Abstract

This report explores the nature of inside and outside space and examines the role of the window within their relationship. It provides a general definition for any type of relationship, identifying three essential elements that all have, (1) a number of 'parts', which (2) a 'connection', forms into (3) a logical 'whole'. These elements are identified in the inside-outside relationship. The 'parts' are provided by Inside and Outside. The 'connection' by openings between these spaces. The 'whole' by an appreciation of the triple relationship between Inside and Outside, first as opposites, second as two parts of one world and third as the interdependent halves of a single human environment. This study states that, as an architectural element, the role of the window is to define the relationship between inside and outside space by balancing their separation and re-connection. Two fundamental 'qualities' of the window which create this balance are identified and described in both written and graphic terms. The first, 'Here and There', creates and separates the 'parts' of inside and outside. With this quality the window plays a passive role as a background element. The second quality, 'Visual Movement', re-connects inside and outside. The window has a positive role, providing the 'connection' to re-unite the two worlds. Three specific buildings are described to show how these qualities work together to define the relationship between inside and outside. Depending on the balance between 'Here and There' and 'Visual Movement' Inside and Outside can be appreciated as two contrasting or connected or complementary halves of our single human environment. Understanding the nature of Inside and Outside space, and how the window affects their relationship, is important if we are to appreciate how a building satisfies the inate human need for shelter.