Adaptive Landscape Architecture: Embracing amphibious environments and empowering community sustenance

Abstract

The people and the landscape of the floating settlements in Cambodia are governed by extreme periodic fresh water inundation, a phenomenon common to many communities of the Tonle Sap Lake. In some areas water levels can rise from 1m to 10m over the change in seasons. Historically their way of life and their vernacular architecture evolved to work with environmental fluctuations. However, current methods are proving to be insufficient for community and individual sustenance, and as a result, detrimental health and negative social impacts effect the future sustainability of the communities. Without some change, there is significant potential for the escalation of these concerns and the loss of a balanced and sustainable way of life. Design opportunities that support sustainable livelihood practices and development are restricted within poverty stricken communities. This research explores how phased design is an appropriate method for integrating development projects into poor communities. The design is driven by adaptability, a key theme of resilience. Promoting the necessity of flexibility to allow for a system to reorganize when social, economical and environmental conditions change. This thesis explores the concept of adaptive landscape architecture as a method for embracing extreme fluctuations in environmental conditions, within periodically inundated communities. The research investigates current practices and vernacular systems to develop sustainable methods suited to the future development and social needs of the community and its dynamic environment. The research suggests that design systems can provide a framework for empowering sustenance within a community, such as methods of food production and income. The use of adaptable structures that enhance current livelihood practices can test how development strengthens a community.