Technocratic theory: a study of New Zealand health policy-making, 1990-1993

Abstract

"Technocracy" is a form of politics and organisation derived from the methods of technology. Highly anti-democratic, it is a form which strives for perfection, with experts locating precise ways to overcome interminable problems. This study argues that the New Zealand National Government (1990-1993) employed "technocratic" methods in the design and implementation of its health policy package. The study begins in a discussion of the origins, manifestation and theory of technocracy. Next, technocratic political practices in New Zealand are analysed, where it is argued that the fourth Labour Government (1984-1990) founded the contemporary technocratic era. Finally, in a case study of the health sector, the National Government's health policies and their implementation are systematically compared with the tenets of technocracy. A number of convergences are found. These are supported by the results of an attitude survey of senior officials, based upon similar earlier surveys, and a series of interviews with key figures in the policy-making and implementation processes. The conclusions drawn from this study are, first, the National Government's health policies were constructed in a technocratic manner; and, second, officials employed to implement and operate the "new" health organisations display technocratic attitudes.