Investigation into public library architecture in New Zealand

Abstract

The role of the library in New Zealand has changed over time, from archives and book repositories to multipurpose cultural centres competing for business within the internet age. The change of role is reflected in the buildings that house them. By tracking the development of library architecture it is possible to account for the change in functions of libraries throughout New Zealand history. This project looks at public library architecture as a valid source of historical data for creating a history of New Zealand libraries. The focus is on six libraries built at different points in the history of New Zealand; Dunedin Athenaeum and Mechanics' Institute (1870), Auckland Public Library (1887), Onehunga Carnegie Library (1912), Christchurch Public Library (1982), Palmerston North City Library (1996) and the 2008 proposal to redevelop the National Library of New Zealand (2008). A history of each of the libraries and their individual architectural styles is discussed; followed by a discussion of six key themes which were highlighted in the data. The themes discussed are the monumental, to pay homage, the role of the architect, accessibility, and the entrance. Christopher Alexander's theory of a pattern language (1977) is used to shape the discussion of the six key themes. This research finds that although there has been a gradual shift in the form of library architecture through time, a reaction to the changing role of libraries within society, there are common design themes that have concerned the librarians, architects and funding bodies throughout the history.