Classification and use of controversial picture books in New Zealand public libraries

Abstract

This study investigated the classification, use of, and response to controversial children's picture books in New Zealand public libraries. The study responded to a lack of information and guidance on how classification decisions on these books are being, or should be made, and variations between libraries in the classification of the same 'controversial' children's picture books. It sought to understand what factors influence the classification process, how decisions are made, how these books are used in libraries, and what the public response is to controversial children's picture books. In order to explore these questions, interviews were undertaken with children's librarians and cataloguers/selectors working in public libraries in five New Zealand cities. It was found that the ways in which librarians would classify controversial children's picture books, and the reasons behind their decisions, varied greatly between individuals. Concerns about complaints and the public reaction to books impacted strongly upon the use of books in the library, and may affect the classification of items, although most of the librarians said they did not classify books with the express purpose of avoiding complaints. While the librarians spoken to all held broadly anti-censorial attitudes, many did not recognize 'censorship by classification' as a form of censorship, and there is some cause for concern that this form of censorship may be operating in New Zealand public libraries.