Drawing and successful architectural design

Abstract

This research is based on the question: To what extent, and in what ways, if at all, is there a necessary connection between drawing and successful architectural design? Two research methods are employed: a literature search and an open-ended postal survey of contemporary New Zealand practitioners. The topic is approached by means of five interrelated subject areas. The report begins with an examination of representation in models of the activity of architectural design. This study provides foundations for the following section, which investigates the ways in which representation can influence design. Two types of drawing are then examined in depth: the tradition of the visual diary or sketchbook, and the use of drawing as a way of designing. The final section examines the role of drawing in architectural education. The author concludes that architectural representation in general is a fundamental and necessary component of the act of designing. Drawing as a particular means of representation may not be "necessary": however, it is found to be "sufficient" and is still the favoured approach to architectural designing today. Drawing as a way of designing is symptomatic of a critical, "modern" way of thinking. As a way of gaining architectural knowledge (the architectural sketchbook) it now complements the camera; however some argue for its revival on the basis that it is the best way to "see". Architectural representation is not a neutral tool for information transfer only. Several systems may be at work in representation - by these it may structure and influence design thinking and outcomes. Success in design may depend partly on understanding and exploiting these systems.