Older women online: gender, ageing and networked computing

Abstract

This thesis explores the experiences of 17 older New Zealand women who are using networked applications, i.e. electronic mail (e-mail) and the Internet. It is argued that gender is central to an understanding of ageing relations and the social shaping of computer technology. Qualitative research methods, including a focus group interview and in-depth, semi-structured interviews, were used to find out how the participants in this study have gained access to networked applications; to explore their experiences in learning to use the technology; to find out how they are using the technology; and to examine what barriers, if any, they have faced in relation to gaining access and using the technology. The findings suggest that adult sons and sons-in-law, played a significant role in both introducing their mothers to the technology and in providing an incentive for them to be using e-mail. Many of the research participants were using e-mail to maintain relationships with family members. In this respect, they were using the technology in a role traditionally associated with women: that of kin-keeping. It is suggested that the technology is being used by adult children to provide 'care at a distance' for some older women who are disabled or have been recently widowed. In addition, the participants were using e-mail and the Internet in their paid and unpaid work, as a communication and information tool. Learning to use the technology was, for the majority of the women, a frustrating experience. Their problems related to one or more of the following factors: not being given enough time to absorb instructions; struggling with a 'male' approach to the technology which encouraged exploration rather than step-by-step instructions; and frustration with computer jargon. Limited time and money were two other barriers identified by the women that affected their ability to gain access to, and use the technology.